When one gains something that is rare, not easily available, and considered valuable, one is regarded as blessed. In a material sense, such blessings are certainly desirable. However, what is gained materially is short-lived and can be seen to diminish even while being enjoyed.
A spiritual blessing, on the other hand, is of an entirely different order. It has the potential to bring lasting benefit. It is therefore one’s responsibility to recognise such a blessing, value it, and make proper use of it.
Ādi Śaṅkarācārya, in Vivekacūḍāmaṇi, speaks of three forms of spiritual blessing.
- Being born as a human being. This applies to every human being, regardless of where one is born. It is a blessing because only a human being is capable of Self-enquiry. Such enquiry requires free will. While other living beings possess intelligence—sometimes even superior in certain aspects—they function within a limited and programmed framework. For example, animals such as dogs or cats use their intelligence primarily for survival and do not extend their pursuits beyond that. They do not entertain broader possibilities or aspirations. Human beings, however, have an unlimited scope of aspiration precisely because of free will. This same free will becomes the essential prerequisite for engaging in Self-enquiry.
- Desire for Liberation. Although every human being has free will and the capacity for enquiry, it is rarely directed inward. Most often, it is used to explore the external world—through science, arts, or other disciplines. Only a few turn towards the question, “Who am I?” As stated in the Bhagavad Gītā, among thousands, very few strive for Self-knowledge, and among those, only a few truly gain it. A person with this inclination is called a mumukṣu—one who seeks freedom. Such an inclination cannot be artificially created or imposed. One is either naturally inclined or not. When this inclination is present, it is a great blessing and must be carefully nurtured, as it sustains one’s pursuit.
- Association with wise people. Even when one is blessed with human birth and the desire for Self-enquiry, progress requires proper association with wise people. This cannot be overstated. Without guidance, one can easily become confused and directionless. At the same time, such association is not entirely within one’s control. Factors such as place of birth, upbringing, and circumstances of life play a role in shaping one’s associations. In this context, being born in a culture where spirituality is valued—such as in India—is itself a blessing, as the traditions, customs, and way of life naturally encourage spiritual orientation. Wise people are more accessible if one is willing to seek them. If one neglects this opportunity, the responsibility lies with the individual, not with the culture. When such association with wise people occurs, it must be recognised as a blessing.
A person who is endowed with all three—human birth, an inclination for Self-enquiry, and the association of wise people—is truly fortunate. To fail to recognise and utilise such an opportunity would be a great loss.